types of computers

This time we will share the science of computer networks, some of the main topics that will be discussed is the sense of a computer network, a computer network Functions, and the range of different kinds of computer networks. May be beneficial J

Article: understanding, Supporting functions, and computer components

A. UNDERSTANDING OF COMPUTER NETWORKS

A computer network is a system that consists of two or more computer systems do their job and are related to each other. Relationships formed can be in the form of a relationship of communication such as instant messaging, shared resources (resource) as data, the CPU and hardware (CD-ROM, printers), and access to information such as the web. For example, a connection between two computers, so both of them can exchange information with each other. The form of the connection can be via fibre optic, copper wire, microwave, and satellite communications (satellite radio).

Ancillary Articles: History Of Computers

The purpose of this network is rather than each computer included into the system can receive and deliver the service (service). The party that receives the service called by the client (client), and provide the service called by the server (server). So the system formed from this service is called the client-server system, even this system is used in almost all applications on the computer network.

UNDERSTANDING, FUNCTION, AND RANGE OF ASSORTMENT OF COMPUTER NETWORK

B. THE FUNCTION OF COMPUTER NETWORK

1. Security

It contains the computer network system provides a service access rights against the file or other resources, so that it is protected from copyright retrieval

2. fees

Hardware resources can be efficient because it can between the hardware and the computer can share. Building a network of small computers are also cheaper than using a mainframe. Especially with the use of client-server systems

3. High Reliability

Alternative sources can be available anytime when needed. Examples include application at a bank, which when one engine alone does not work, then the other performance may be impaired due to the source engine with each other is the same

4. Speed

The computer network will make the work faster through his sharing facilities which allow and facilitate the transfer of data (transfer) between two or more computers

5. the centralization of Management applications

On a computer network, centralizing the application program can do, so can save you time and effort to install the program on each computer. Because all applications will be installed in programkan through the Center (central).

6. Scalability

Performance can be improved by way of adding to the client or server computer with ease and without interfering with the performance of the server computer to an existing client or earlier

7. the communication Media

Computer networks allowing cooperation between people who are separated by distance. Good to communicate, even exchanging data.

8. Access to information

The information accessible more widely, even information can be accessed and obtained from a far distance though.

9. Share resources

Share resources collectively, the resource sharing, i.e. the entire program, the equipment and the data used by any person that is included into the system without being influenced by the location of the client and the server

10. Interactive Entertainment

Computer networks also allow people can get entertainment

Ancillary Articles: Type Of Type Of Computer

C. SORT – SORTS OF COMPUTER NETWORK

1. On the basis of its geographical range, namely:

1a. a parallel Computer

Parallel computers, data flow machine, as well as some examples of networks that work in the same unit, the distance between the prosessornya is the smallest, IE 0.1 m A in the same place are connected through the circuit board.

1B. Multicomputer

Is a system that communicates by means of sending a message via the short bus and very quickly. The distance between the prosessornya is 1 m, and the network is connected through a system.

1 c. LAN network (local area network)

This computer network only covers a relatively small area, between a range only within a radius of 10 m to 10 km. LAN used in computer networks in a room, room, House, building, school, and College. Wi-fi technology is one example of a LAN is often used today. A place that provides technology-based Wi-fi LAN connection is called a hotspot.

On a LAN, a user can interact and communicate with other devices by using certain applications.

1. network MAN (metropolitan area network)

This computer network covers a much larger area, that is within a radius of 10 to 50 km in this network so that commonly used in a city, Office, network pabirk/agencies and regions the Government with data transfer rates are relatively high.

1E. network WAN (wide area network)

This computer network covers the largest area, namely achieving 100 to 1000 km. this network requires a public communication channels, so its use is commonly used between the city, the region, the State even included a continent. WAN used to connect a local computer network with other local computer networks at different locations

1F. The Internet

The Internet is the largest computer network, namely, with the distance between a reach 10000 km, and it can work between one computer with another computer in one planet.

2. Based on the distribution of information, namely:

2A. centralized Networks

It consists of a computer network server computer and a client computer. Client computers here serves as an intermediary to access the data source or the required information is sourced from a single computer server.

2B. the Distributed Network

These computer networks is a combination of some centralized network, forming a system.

3. Based on the role of the computer in the process of data, namely:

3A. Client-Server Network

Is the network that has 1 or more server computers and client computers. The server computer as the provider of the information/data required, and the client computer as an intermediary to access data on the server computer. And this state of affairs can be personalised way through networking software at protokolnya.

3B. peer-to-peer

Is the network that does not have a client-server system. But all the computer can send and receive data, so that all computers can act as client or server.

4. Based on the data transmission medium, namely:

4A. Wired Network

This network connects one computer with another computer by connecting either a network cable. Which will send the information form the electrical signal dala.

4B. Wireless network

Collectively, the wireless network, which is a network with medium/intermediaries in the form of electromagnetic (that does not require a medium in perambatannya), so in this case it's not necessary cables but signals information/data remains to be sent to another computer. An example of a wireless network is Wi-fi.

5. Based on network topology, namely:

5A bus Topology.

Is the most widely used topology. By using the T-connector and connect devices with a single cable in one line, then the other networking devices easily connect. The topology of the beruntut will be a linear topology.

5b. the star Topology

Is a form of topological convergence of the central node (Central) node to other users. This topology is included in the cost of the medium because the security level is high, and that includes access control also centralized. However, if the node centralnya is broken, then the node automatically other users were also damaged.

5 c a ring Topology.

The topology is the set of points which are connected to other ketitik formed a circle to form a ring. Each node in the topology function as repeaters/repeaters that strengthens the signals along the track. In terms of each device work in strengthening their signals, and these signals are assisted by forwarding the TOKEN (which carries the information and data from the source computer).

This time we will share about computer science, some of the main topics of discussion is the notion of a computer, computer functions, components – computer components, how it works and Apilkasi application of computers.

Modren era right now, humans rely heavily on life-support tools. Electronic tool is the type that without we realize being a basic requirement which must be met. One type of electronic goods that become needs even as money is producing machine computer. Then, what kind of computer they should be explanation we know? Don't miss the following readings!

A. UNDERSTANDING YOUR COMPUTER

Computer word derived from the Latin computare which means count. In English it is called a compute. Because derivation information processing with computers almost exclusively related to the problem of arithmetic, but modern computers are used for many tasks not related to mathematics. By definition the computer interpreted "a set of electronic tools that cooperate, can receive data (input), process data (process) and provide information (output) as well as coordinated under the control program stored in its memory.

Because the field of computer science studies too broad, experts and researchers are slightly different define terminilogi computer.

UNDERSTANDING, FUNCTION, AND COMPUTER COMPONENTS

According to Hamacher dkk, in the book Computer Organization, computer electronic counter is a machine that quickly and can accept digital input information, then process it in accordance with program stored in its memory and generate output in the form of information.

According to Robert h. Blissmer, a computer is an electronic device that is capable of doing some of the following tasks:

Accept input

Process the input match program

Keep the commandments and the result of processing

Provides output in the form of information

According to Fouri, computer is a data processor that can perform large computations quickly, including the calculation of arithmetic and logic operations without human intervention.

According to Donald h. Sanders in the book Computer Today, the computer is an electronic system to manipulate data quickly, precisely and is designed and organized so that it automatically receives and stores input data, process them and produce the output under the supervision of a measures, instruction program stored in memory (stored program).

From the definitions above, the conclusion to be drawn that the computer is a collection of machine tool counter that has storage space or storage, can receive input data quickly, process data quickly, and produce data useful information quickly and in accordance with the wishes of the user (user). Where is the ' information ' produced by a computer is a computer application, and input from the computer is the data, so the computer itself can be said to be ' Tranformasi ' of the Process data into information.

To make it easier to understand, analogikan in mind that the computer as a man who has a form of physical and non-physical. The shape of the human physical form of hands, feet, head, ears and so on. The arrangement and layout of each shape. Same is the case with a computer that has a physical form such as monitor, keyboard, CPU etc. The physical that is formed is not useful if it does not dilengkapai the non-physical. As humans have a soul, computers have software to run his system.

Ancillary Articles: History Of Computers

B. FUNCTIONS OF THE COMPUTER

After reviewing the notion and the history of computers, friend all must have been able to conclude some of the functions of a computer. These will be made clear again the function of the computer:

The computer can carry out long distance communication and share quite a lot of information to the internet network. This function in fact enjoyed by kids not just adults.

Article: Supporting the notion, function, and range of computer network

The computer can control the monitoring tools such as CCTV (camera remote control), can also control various automatic machine that we use today.

The computer can be used also as a means of efforts in many ways, the trade value of the computer is very promising and other businesses that use komputern as sara like architectural design, programming, data processing companies that the pace up and down profits, even internet cafes.

The field of health also enables the computer to enhance the effectiveness and to improve in both diseases in pregnancy examination (ultrasound).

The computer can strengthen the country's defenses as well as certain buildings which are automatically controlled by the computer. Such as CCTV, fire alarm and file storage are important countries.

In the field of computer education can facilitate the process of teaching and learning with dipersiapkannya presentation materials with the computer.

Daily computer even serves as a means of entertainment by providing exciting games to be played.

Ancillary Articles: Type Of Type Of Computer

C. COMPONENTS – COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

In computer systems, there are three components that can never be separated. If these components separately then your computer will not work. Then, what are its components?

1. Hardware (Hardware)

The hardware device is that can we touch like device revenue, processing device, output device and storage device. Tools hardware usually sophisticated compiler so that it can form a working computer based on the instructions. With the existence of commands understandable by computers, so these commands perform different activities on the machine and run it according the order of injunction. There are hardware processing device (CPU), input devices, output devices, and storage devices.

2. Software (software)

The software and documentation and procedure is a program that serves to resolve problems that are desired. Electronic data is a form of software programs or instructions which will be executed by the command. A review of some of the things, the computer has its own group in the Division of its kind. There are computers that are grouped by generations, the way of working, usage, memory capacity and based on physical size. The short explanation of the following:

1. Computer based on the data processed

Article: understanding, Supporting functions, and computer components

a. analog computer

Analog computer is a computer that works in a continuous, used to receive the analog signal which is continuous wave-form and not the shape of the digit and does not require an intermediate language. This computer is used to present a State. For example a seismograph that records the wave propagates in the subsurface of the Earth continuously.

b. digital computer

The digital computer is a computer that receives digital data in the form of numbers or letters. Its function is to process data that is quantitatively in the form of numbers, letters, punctuation, etc. The digital computer is typically used in business applications and application techniques.

c. hybrid Computer

This type of computer can receive and process data in quantitative as well as qualitative. Hybrid computers can also dikatakn a combination of analog and digital computers. This type of computer used in the hospital and used to check the State of the patient's body that produce the analysis in a short time.

TYPE OF TYPE OF COMPUTER

2. Computer based on its use

a. computer for a specific purpose (Special Purpose Computer)

The computer is designed to solve a specific problem or one issue only. His computer can be both digital and analog. All special purpose computer is already programmed for a particular problem then can no longer be used for other things without being modified. For example the SPC used for the simulation of the interaction of the particle system.

b. Computer for general purpose (General Purpose Computer)

This computer was designed for the solution of a lot of things for public use, different programs can be used in one computer. E.g. a personal computer.

3. Computer based on memory capacity and size

The size of the computer indicated by its ability to process data such as the capacity of the main memory, the configuration of the operands regiter, process speed, number and kinds of instruments of input and output, and the size of the physical computer and the room needed.

a. microcomputer (Micro computer)

A computer with a microprocessor as its main control center. This particular computer was used for the single user can also be called with the computer desktop or personal computers. Size of microcomputer memory ranges from 16 MB to more than 128 MB. User yanag is very popular at home or to run business applications.

b. Computer mini (Mini computer)

Mini computers can be multi user has several terminals which can be shared by many users. The mini computer is the first computer that is applied towards the production process control applications, research laboratories and data communication.

c. small computer (Small computer)

A small computer called also small-scale mainframe computer, most use multiple programming, multi process and virtual storage with the number of terminals up to hundreds.

d. Computer medium (Middle computer)

The computer medium, also known as medium-scale mainframe computer. Usually the computer medium used for data communication with hundreds of terminals that is separate from the computer center. Its center using a computer terminal using the medium and mini computer or micro diosebut the application of the concept of the distribution of the Data Processing (DDP), which in addition to terminal can relate to the central computer, but can also stand alone.

e. large Computer (Large computer)

This computer is also known as mainframe computer or large scale mainframe computer due to his physical form as large as the closet. Mainframe computers have speeds of up to 400 MIPS. Great is that companies often use it. Hundreds of users can operate their computers at the same time.

f. super computer (Supercomputer)

This computer is also called parallel processor and is a powerful computer or very unusual. Applications used are usually more inclined to scientific research. These computers usually have multiple processors simultaneously in parallel to perform its task. Generally used for the processing of large data, such as census, statistikkonsumen and industry, Enterprise Resource Planning, scientific risel.

Ancillary Articles: History Of Computers

4. Computer based on the physical shape and size.

a. Tower (Tower)

Usually placed beside or under a desk, because of its size that meets the table. These computers usually have a lot of space in it and many have expansion slots (card).

b. Desktop (table)

Computer that is slightly smaller than the size of the tower but is usually put on the table. Cheap price allows many people to use it than any other form of computer.

c. Portable

This computer is slightly smaller than your desktop, because the baian-baiannya can be strung together into a single box, so it's easy to carry everywhere. This computer is intended for users who are often served in the field. This computer is not popular because of relatively large and heavy.

d. Notebook

Computers the size of a book. Thick ranged from 1 to 1 and a half inches and weigh between 4 to 6.

e. Subnotebook

The size of this laptop is dipertengahan between the notebook with palmlaptop. The size is a bit smaller than a notebook because there are devices that are not owned by the sub notebook namely disk drives.

f. Palmtop

Handheld computer one is very small and is often called a handheld computer. This computer does not require any power but rather a small battery. The disadvantage is too small to ever-troublesome users

5. Based on the development of hardware

First generation (Colossus, ENIAC, EDVAC, MarkI, UNIVAC I)

Second generation (Strech and LARC)

Third generation (using a transistor)

Fourth generation (using IC)

Fifth generation

Article: Supporting the notion, function, and range of computer network

6. Based on the development of softwares

a. Pioneer Era

In this era, one unified software with hardware. Computer use is done directly and the finished results carried out in the form of a computer print out. For Example The ENIAC.

b. Stable Era

In this era of known data base system which separates between the program with data.

c. the Era of micro-

The software can already differentiated into a software system that is in charge of handling internal and application software that is used directly by its users for specific purposes.

d. the Modern Era

Not only the computer, other equipment up to washing machines and microwaves have embedded software systems to regulate their operations. The level of intelligence of software any software which is shown by the growing number and begin to get to know the sound and picture.